Holly Bushes (Ilex)

leaves leathery:

..... lvs less than 2", thorny lvs 2", toothed lvs up to 6"4
fls in 4's American holly (1.opaca = dull) sandy soil near the coast; ME to Fl

yaupon holly (2.vomitoria) swamps & wet woods on the coastal plain; se VA to FL

 ..... .....
fl parts in 6-8's ..... tall gallberry (4.coriacea) wet woods; se VA to FL low gallberry (3.glabra) lvs shining; bots, swampss & wet woods on coastal plain; NS to FL

leaves thin, simple, alternate leaves

..... elliptical larger
A. 4-5's ..... .....
wavy edged or bluntly toothed deciduous holly (9.decidua = deciduous) seps entire; swamps & wet woods, chiefly on coastal plain; DC to FL .....
finely, sharp toothed ..... largeleaf holly (7.montana v montana) sepals ciliate; mtn woods; w MA to NC
B. 4-6's; coarse-toothed, dull above common winterberry (5.verticillata = whorled) seps ciliate; swamps & wet woods; 4 varieties .....
C. 6-8's smooth winterberry (6.laevigata = smooth) sepals entire; swamps & wet woods; MEa to NY & in mts to SC .....